Acta academica karviniensia 2015, 15(2):55-70 | DOI: 10.25142/aak.2015.018
Vybrané systémové závery patentovej analýzy nanotechnológií v EÚ-28
- 1 Ústav priemyselného inžinierstva a manažmentu, MTF STU, Paulínska 16, 917 24 Trnava, Email: marek.jemala@stuba.sk
- 2 Oddelenie ekonomiky a manažmentu podnikania, Ústav manažmentu STU , Vazovova 5, 812 43 Bratislava, Email: lubomir.jemala@stuba.sk
Certain fundamentals of the nanotechnology (NT) discipline can be already found in 1870, when two professors Elihu Thomson and Edwin Houston experimented and later patented inventions on the existing arc lamps and dynamo design. The emergence of NT as a new scientific discipline can be found a hundred years later and it is also connected with the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope and the discovery of fullerenes. Among the first companies that patented NT were: General Electric, Unisys, Honeywell, DuPont, Bell Labs, and IBM. Among the first patenting areas of NT were: nano-materials, nano-manufacturing and nano-interactions. This scientific study has two particular goals. Methodological part (Chapter 1 and 2) provides a clear insight into selected topical issues of patenting, searching and categorization of NT. This part is often overlooked/simplified in many scientific papers on NT, which brings a lot of uncertainty for this discipline. The second part is the systemic analysis (Chapter 3) that is to provide a clear insight into the patented NT in the EU, based on the comprehensive statistics of the European database of EPO patents (1940-2015). But, the main scientific goal of this study is to make some conclusions for the promotion of innovation and patenting NT in the EU.
Klíčová slova: European nanotechnology patents, Nanotechnology, Patenting nanotechnology, Searching and categorization of nanotechnology
JEL classification: O31, O32, O34, O52
Vloženo: 30. březen 2015; Přijato: 23. září 2015; Zveřejněno: 30. červen 2015 Zobrazit citaci
Reference
- ALLARAKHIA, M. a S. WALSH, 2012. Analyzing and organizing NT development: Application of the institutional analysis development framework to NT consortia. Technovation, 32(3-4), 216-226. ISSN 0166-4972.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- BEAUDRY, C. a S. ALLAOUI, 2012. Impact of public and private research funding on scientific production: The case of NT. Research Policy, 41(9), 1589-1606. ISSN 0048-7333.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- BEAUDRY, C. a A. SCHIFFAUEROVA, 2011. Impact of collaboration and network indicators on patent quality: The case of Canadian NT innovation. European Management Journal, 29(5), 362-376. ISSN 0263-2373.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- BEESEN, J., 2003. Patent Thickets: Strategic Patenting of Complex Technologies, Research on Innovation. Boston University School of Law [on-line]. [cit. 2. 2. 2015]. Dostupné z: http://www.researchoninnovation.org/thicket.pdf
- BMI-FNI, 2007. Productive Nanosystems: A Technology Roadmap, Battelle Memorial Institute and Foresight Nanotech Institute, United States Government manuscript, No.DE-AC05-00OR22725.
- BOER, D., A. RIP a S. SPELLER, 2009. Scripting possible futures of nanotechnologies: A methodology that enhances reflexivity. Technology in Society, 31(3), 295-304. ISSN 0160-791X.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- BONACCORSI, A. a G. THOMA, 2007. Institutional complementarity and inventive performance in nano science and technology. Research policy, 36(6), 813-831. ISSN 0048-7333.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- BOWMAN, D. M., 2007. Patently obvious: Intellectual property rights and NT. Technology in Society, 29(3), 307-315. ISSN 0160-791X.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- CHAMAS, I. C., 2008. NT intellectual property in Brazil: Preliminary research note. World patent information, 30(2), 146-149. ISSN 0172-2190.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- CALTECH, 2015. The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Caltech. Caltech [on-line]. [cit 3. 5. 2015]. Dostupné z: http://www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/
- CIENTIFICA, 2011. Global Nanotechnology Funding 2011. Cientifica [on-line]. [cit 7. 2. 2014]. Dostupné z: http://www.cientifica.com/research/white-papers/global-nanotechnology-funding-2011/
- CZSO, 2011. Výdaje na VaV ve vybraných oblastech v roce 2011. CZSO [on-line]. [cit 10. 2. 2015]. Dostupné z: http://www.czso.cz/csu/2012edicniplan.nsf/t/E9002B07F0/$File/96011258.pdf.
- DREXLER, E. K., 1996. Engines of Creation. London: Fourth Estate. ISBN 978-1857024869.
- EC, 2004. Towards European strategy for NT. EC [on-line]. [cit 15. 3. 2013]. Dostupné z: http://ec.europa.eu/NT/pdf/nano_com_en.pdf
- EC, 2013. Total venture capital investment % of GDP. EC [on-line]. [cit 2. 3. 2015]. Dostupné z: http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/finance/data/enterprise-finance-index/venture-capital/index_en.htm
- EC, 2015. Policy issues. EC [on-line]. [cit 7. 3. 2015]. Dostupné z: http://ec.europa.eu/research/industrial_technologies/policy_en.html
- ECONOMIST, 2015. Cyprus: In brief. The Economist [on-line]. [cit 3. 3. 2015]. Dostupné z: http://country.eiu.com/cyprus
- EPO, 2012. NT - A special tagging system. European patent office [on-line]. [cit 15. 3. 2012]. Dostupné z: http://www.epo.org/news-issues/issues/classification/NT.html
- EPO, 2015. Advanced search. European Patent Office [on-line]. [cit 17. 2. 2015]. Dostupné z: http://worldwide.espacenet.com/advancedSearch?DB=EPODOC⊂mitted=false&locale=en_EP&AB=&ST=advanced∁act=false
- EY, 2014. Adapting and evolving Global venture capital insights and trends 2014. Ernst Young [on-line]. [cit 10. 2. 2015]. Dostupné z: http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/Global_venture_capital_insights_and_trends_2014/$FILE/EY_Global_VC_insights_and_trends_report_2014.pdf
- FIEDLER, M. a I. M. WELPE, 2010. Antecedents of cooperative commercialization strategies of NT firms. Research policy, 39(3), 400-410. ISSN 0048-7333.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- GALLINI, N. T., 2002. The Economics of Patents: Lessons from Recent U.S. Patent Reform. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16(2), 131-54. ISSN 0895-3309.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- GIACHETTI, C. a G. MARCHI, 2010. Evolution of firms product strategy over the life cycle of technology-based industries: A case study of the global mobile phone industry, 1980-2009. Business History, 52(7), 1123-1150. ISSN 0007-6791.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- GRANT, R. M., 2005. Contemporary strategy analysis. Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 5th edition. ISBN 1-4051-1999-3.
- HICKS, J. B., G. GRISSETT a B. A. BROWN, 2010. Is there really plenty of room at the bottom? Womble Carlyle Sandridge & Rice. PLLC [on-line]. [cit 22. 3. 2015]. Dostupné z: http://www.wcsr.com/resources/pdfs/nano030310.pdf
- HOLME, M., 2013. Differences between US and European patent applications. WIPR [on-line]. [cit 25. 3. 2015]. Dostupné z: http://www.worldipreview.com/article/differences-between-us-and-european-patent-applications
- IPO.GOV, 2013. EPO Utilisation Scheme. IPO.GOV.UK [on-line]. [cit 17. 3. 2015]. Dostupné z: http://www.ipo.gov.uk/pro-types/pro-patent/p-policy/p-policy-backlog/p-policy-worksharing/p-policy-utilisation.htm
- IYUKE, P. O., M. CROSS, S. E. IYUKE a H. J. POTGIETER, 2007. The Role of a University in Education and Training in the Field of NT, The Case of the University of the Witwatersrand. Education for Chemical Engineers, 2(1), 56-67. ISSN 1749-7728.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- JEMALA, Ľ., 2010. Innovation of Leadership and Management. Forum Statisticum Slovacum, VII(4), 45-51. ISSN 1336-7420.
- JEMALA, M., 2010. Evolution of Foresight in the Global Historical Context. Foresight, 12(4), 65-81. ISSN 1463-6689.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- JEMALA, M., 2012. Nature of Foresight Planning. LAP Saarbrücken: LAMBERT Academic Publishing. ISBN 978-3659131509.
- JEMALA, M., 2013. On global sustainability and regional environmentally oriented foresights. Int. J. Agile Systems and Management, 6(2), 118-140. ISSN 1741-9174.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- JAIN, A., S. HALLIHOSUR a L. RANGAN, 2011. Dynamics of NT Patenting: An Indian Scenario. Technology in Society, 33(1), 137-144. ISSN 0160-791X.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- JIA, L., Y. ZHAO a X. J. LIANG, 2011. Fast evolving NT and relevant programs and entities in China. Nano Today, 6(1), 6-11. ISSN 1748-0132.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- JRC, 2013. Nanomaterials Repository. JRC [on-line]. [cit 25. 3. 2013]. Dostupné z: http://ihcp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/our_activities/NT/nanomaterials-repository
- MANGEMATIN, V. a S. WALSH, 2012. The future of nanotechnologies. Technovation, 32(3-4), 157-160. ISSN 0166-4972.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- MH SR, 2013. Inovačná politika na roky 2011-2013 v pôsobnosti Ministerstva hospodárstva SR. MH SR [on-line]. [cit 14. 11. 2014]. Dostupné z: www.economy.gov.sk/index/open_file.php?ext_dok=136692
- MOTOYAMA, Y., R. APPELBAUM, a R. PARKER, 2011. The National NT Initiative: Federal support for science and technology, or hidden industrial policy? Technology in Society, 33(1-2), 109-118. ISSN 0160-791X.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- NANOWERK, 2015. Nanotechnology in France - companies, research, and degree programs. Nanowerk [on-line]. [cit 21. 2. 2015]. Dostupné z: http://www.nanowerk.com/nanotechnology/Nanotechnology_Companies_Research_and_Degree_Programs_in_France.php
- NIKULAINEN, T. a CH. PALMBERG, 2010. Transferring science-based technologies to industry - Does NT make difference? Technovation, 30(1), 3-11. ISSN 0166-4972.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- OECD, 2009. NT: An Overview Based on Indicators and Statistics. OECD [on-line]. [cit 15. 5. 2014]. Dostupné z: http://www.oecd.org/sti/inno/43179651.pdf
- OECD, 2014. OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2014. OECD [on-line]. [cit 17. 3. 2015]. Dostupné z: http://www.oecd.org/sti/oecd-science-technology-and-industry-outlook-19991428.htm
- PORTER, A. L., J. YOUTIE, P. SHAPIRA a D. J. SCHOENECK, 2008. Refining search terms for NT. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 10(5), 715-728. ISSN 1388-0764.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- RAESFELD, A., P. GEURTS, M. JANSEN, J. BOSHUIZEN a R. LUTTGE, 2012. Influence of partner diversity on collaborative public R&D project outcomes: A study of application and commercialization of nanotechnologies in the Netherlands. Technovation, 32(3-4), 227-233. ISSN 0166-4972.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- ROCO, M. C., 2011. The long view of NT development: The National NT Initiative at 10 years. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 13(2), 427-445. ISSN 1388-0764.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- SASTRY, K., H. B. RASHMI a N. H. RAO, 2010. NT patents as R&D indicators for disease management strategies in agriculture. Journal of Intellectual Property Rights, 15, 197-205. ISSN 0971-7544.
- SCHELLEKENS, M., 2008. Patenting NT in Europe: Making a Good Start? An Analysis of Issues in Law and Regulation. Tilburg University Legal Studies Working Paper, No. 008/2008 [on-line]. [cit 22. 2. 2015]. Dostupné z: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1139080
- SCHEU, M., V. VEEFKIND, Y. VERBANDT, E. M. GALAN, R. ABSALOM a W. FÖRSTER, 2006. Mapping NT patents: The EPO approach. World Patent Information, 28(3), 204-211. ISSN 0172-2190.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- SCHMOCH, U. a A. THIELMANN, 2012. Cyclical long-term Development of Complex Technologies - Premature Expectations in NT? Fraunhofer ISI Discussion Papers Innovation Systems and Policy Analysis, No. 31. ISSN 1612-1430.
- SOVVA, 2013. Výskum v oblasti nanovied a nanotechnológií. SOVVA [on-line]. [cit 29. 9. 2014]. Dostupné z: http://sovva.sk/aktuality/zodpovedny-vyskum-v-oblasti-nanovied-a-nanotechnologii
- TRACHANA, V., 2013. Austerity-led brain drain is killing Greek science. Nature [on-line]. [cit 25. 6. 2014]. Dostupné z: http://www.nature.com/news/austerity-led-brain-drain-is-killing-greek-science-1.12813
- UN, 2014a. National Accounts Main Aggregates Database. UN [on-line]. [cit 3. 3. 2015]. Dostupné z: http://unstats.un.org/unsd/snaama/dnllist.asp
- UN, 2014b. The World Population Situation in 2014. UN [on-line]. [cit 7. 3. 2015]. Dostupné z: http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/trends/Concise%20Report%20on%20the%20World%20Population%20Situation%202014/en.pdf
- UPVSR, 2013. Medzinárodné patentové triedenie. UPVSR [on-line]. [cit 11. 5. 2014]. Dostupné z: http://ipc.indprop.gov.sk/ipcpub/#refresh=page〈=sk&menulang=SK&indexes=yes¬ion=scheme&version=20130101&symbol=B
- USPTO, 2014. Patents. USPTO [on-line]. [cit 25. 3. 2014]. Dostupné z: http://www.uspto.gov/inventors/patents.jsp#heading-3
- WANG, G. a J. GUAN, 2010. The role of patenting activity for scientific research: A study of academic inventors from China's NT. Journal of Informetrics, 4(3), 338-350. ISSN 1751-1577.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- WARTBURG, I. a T. TEICHERT, 2008. Valuing patents and licenses from a business strategy perspective - Extending valuation considerations using the case of nanotechnology. World Patent Information, 30(2), 106-114. ISSN 0172-2190.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- WIPO, 2012. Nano-technology. The World Intellectual Property Organization [on-line]. [cit 17. 3. 2014]. Dostupné z: http://www.wipo.int/classifications/fulltext/new_ipc/ipc7/eb82b.htm
- WOLF, E. L. a M. MEDIKONDA, 2012. Understanding the Nanotechnology Revolution. Chichester: Wiley-VCH, 1. edition. ISBN 978-3527411092.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...